Spring is a lightweight, modular Java application framework built around the Inversion of Control (IoC) container as its core — it manages object creation and wiring for you, and layers on top of that consistent abstractions for data access, transactions, web MVC, security, and messaging, so application code depends on interfaces rather than concrete infrastructure classes.

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#Spring#Overview

The Core Idea Behind Spring

Before Spring, Java EE apps hand-wired dependencies and scattered infrastructure concerns (transactions, logging) through business logic. Spring's core bet is that if a container owns object creation and wiring, business code can stay plain Java (POJOs) and infrastructure concerns can be applied declaratively around it — that single idea is what every other Spring module builds on.

IoC Container (core) → Data Access, Web MVC, AOP, Security, Messaging — modules built on top